Report of the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar

Summary

The present document is the seventh report submitted by the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar to the Human Rights Council pursuant to Council resolution 39/2 of 27 September 2018. It covers the activities carried out by the Mechanism between 1 July 2024 and 30 June 2025, highlighting progress made on investigations, challenges, and areas for additional support.

Over the past year, the Mechanism continued to uncover evidence of an escalating number of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed across Myanmar by multiple parties. The Mechanism is examining evidence of alleged crimes, regardless of the affiliation or ethnicity of the perpetrators or victims, with new lines of enquiry opened in Rakhine State.

The Mechanism made important progress in its investigations into crimes committed since the February 2021 military coup, including aerial attacks resulting in civilian deaths; killings of civilians and detained combatants; and torture, including sexual violence against persons in detention. The Mechanism has collected evidence of the identity of perpetrators of crimes committed in detention facilities and of individuals in the security forces of Myanmar, affiliated militias and opposition armed groups who have perpetrated summary executions.

Investigations into the 2016 and 2017 clearance operations against the Rohingya advanced significantly in the past year. The Mechanism is now prioritizing witnesses who can provide evidence directly linking crimes to specific perpetrators. It is also focusing its investigations on Rohingya villages where properties were destroyed, community members were forcibly displaced and land was subsequently appropriated by the authorities of Myanmar and replaced with security bases and State infrastructure.

During the reporting period, the Mechanism shared over 37 evidence and analytical packages concerning crimes committed against the Rohingya, comprised of more than 24,000 information items and supporting analysis, with the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Court and Federal Prosecutor’s Office No. 9 in Argentina. The Mechanism is now also sharing evidence with a new jurisdiction – the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – which is investigating crimes against the Rohingya, and crimes committed after the military coup.

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